What type of health care management program focuses on preventive health care and early diagnosis, typically with voluntary enrollment?

The correct response highlights the essential characteristics of a Health Maintenance Organization (HMO). HMOs are designed to focus on preventive health care and early diagnosis, emphasizing the importance of maintaining health and preventing illness before it arises. This model encourages members to engage in regular check-ups and screenings, which are often fully covered, thus reducing overall health care costs and promoting healthier lifestyles.

Furthermore, enrollment in these programs is typically voluntary, as individuals choose to join based on the benefits offered. Members usually select a primary care physician who manages their overall health and coordinates any necessary referrals to specialists, fostering a more integrated and proactive approach to health care management.

In contrast, other options like Preferred Provider Organizations (PPOs) and Exclusive Provider Organizations (EPOs) generally offer more flexibility regarding provider choices but may not emphasize preventive care as strongly as HMOs. Indemnity plans operate on a traditional fee-for-service model, which does not inherently focus on preventive measures and often involves higher out-of-pocket costs for members.